WH+Unit+3

Part 1:

= estate- everything you own; all of your assets (whether real property or personal property) and liabilities =

= taille- = = a direct land tax on the French peasantry and non-nobles in Ancien Régime France. The tax was imposed on each household and based on how much land it held. = = consumer- a person who uses goods or services =

= bourgeoisie- French Revolutionary term for working class civilians. = = = = exclusion- the state of being excluded = = = = sans-culottes- sans-culottes = 


 * Olympe de Gouges:**

-began her career as a playwright in the early 1780s. -as a playwright in the early 1780s. As political tension rose in France, de Gouges became increasingly politically involved. -became an outspoken advocate for ameliorating the condition of slaves
 * -** was a French playwright and political [|activist] whose [|feminist] and [|abolitionist] writings reached a large audience.

<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 19px;">**Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen:** <span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> ** - ** a fundamental document of the <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|French Revolution], defining the individual and collective rights of all the <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|estates of the realm] as universal. - Influenced by the doctrine of <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|natural right] -it establishes fundamental rights for French citizens and //all men without exception// //-//addresses neither the status of women nor slavery

1 - What two events were witnessed by the world in 1789? -The beginning of United States of America and beginning of the French Revolution.

2 - What did the French Revolution try to create? -A new political order and a new social order.

3 - What was one of the most powerful ideas to come from the French Revolution? -the idea that the people were the nation

4 - List and give the approximate size (population) of the Three Estates Clergy- 130,000 Nobles- 350,000 Everyone else- everyone else who is left out of the 27 million

5 - List how the third estate was divided -The third estate was divided by vast differences in occupation, level of education and wealth.

6 - How were the bourgeoisie similar to the nobility? -Both were drawn to the Enlightenment and disliked the rigid social system.

7 - What were some of the causes of the financial crisis facing France? - food shortages, rising food prices and lots of unemployment.

8 - When and where did the meeting of the Estates-General happen -Opened at Versailles on May 5, 1789

9 - When was the National Assembly appointed? -June 17, 1789

10 - What was the Bastile and what happened to it? -It is an armory and prison in Paris. It was stormed in and dismantled by Parisian workers.

11 - Describe the Great Fear -Peasant rebellions with a fear that the national assembly would be stopped by foreign armies.

12 - What happened on August 4, 1789? -The National Assembly decided to abolish all legal privileges of the nobles and clergy.

13 - What were some of the ideas listed in the Declaration of the Rights of Man? -All men were free and equal before the law, appointment to the public office should be based on talent, and that no group should be exempt from taxation.

14 - What was the reaction of women to exclusion? -Furious, refused to accept this exclusion. But the National Assembly just put them down.

15 - Describe the events of October 5th -A bunch of Persian woman marched to Versailles to yell at the king and tell him that their children are starving because The royals are eating all the bread.

16 - How did the National Assembly increase revenue? -The king and queen returned to Paris to support The National Assembly.

17 - Describe the first constitution for France in 1791 -It set up a limited monarchy. There was still a king, but now the Legislative Assembly would make the laws.

18 - Which empire threatened war unless the king was restored? -Austria and Prussia.

19 - Outline the creation of the Paris commune in 1792 (you may need wikipedia). -A city council fighting for the rights of the people.

20 - What groups in France in 1791 opposed the new order? -san culottes

<span style="font-size: 1.4em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;">** Part 2: **

=<span style="font-size: 1.4em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"> faction- <span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">clique (often secret) that seeks power usually through intrigue =

=<span style="font-size: 1.4em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"> domestic- <span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">of concern to or concerning the internal affairs of a nation =

=<span style="font-size: 1.4em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"> external- <span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">happening or arising or located outside or beyond some limits or especially surface =

=<span style="font-size: 1.4em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"> elector- <span style="font-family: arial,sans-serif; font-size: small; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">voter: a citizen who has a legal right to vote =

=<span style="font-size: 1.4em; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 5px;"> coup d’état- s the sudden, illegal deposition of a__<span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px;">government __ =



-constitutes the second to last stage of the French Revolution. - period of this regime (2 November 1795 until 10 November 1799) -French Directory was preceded by the National Convention
 * the Directory:**
 * - ** was a body of five //Directors// that held <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|executive power] in France

<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> **Maximilien Robespierre:** <span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> **-** 6 May 1758 – 28 July 1794 -one of the best-known and most influential figures of the <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|French Revolution] -was instrumental in the period of the Revolution commonly known as the <span style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #0645ad; padding-right: 10px; text-decoration: none;">[|Reign of Terror] -dominated the committee of public safety. -supporters called him "The Incorruptible", while his adversaries called him "dictateur sauvage" (blood-thirsty dictator).

<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">**Reign of Terror:** <span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">**-** (27 June 1793 – 27 July 1794) -a period of violence that occurred for one year and one month after the onset of the French Revolution -marked by mass executions of "enemies of the revolution." - Estimates of how many were killed, with numbers ranging from 16,000 to 40,000 -The guillotine ("National Razor") became the symbol of a string of executions

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 17px;">QUESTIONS 1. Friend of the People 2. The National Convention 3. abolish of monarchy and the beginning of the French Revolution. 4. Girondins and the Mountain. 5. disputes between the 2 factions, the commune pressured the national convention to adopt more radical measures.

6. The Committee of Public Safety 7. 40,000

8. Nantes 9. citizen and citezeness 10. they tried to control prices of food, fuel and clothing. 11. the convention believed that the Catholic church encouraged superstition. adoption of a new calendar 12. France was over-whelmingly Catholic 13. a degree for national mobilization. 14. it was created by a people government

15. the deputies won enough votes to condemn Robespierre and he was killed on the Guillotine 16. it restricted the power of the committee of public safety, the churches were allowed to reopen, and a new constitution was created. 17. 30,000 18. known for corruption and loaned the government money with high interest rates 19. they began to rely on the military 20. because they faced massive challenges.